MedGames
Gluconeogenesis
Important Points About Gluconeogenesis:
How do glycolysis and gluconeogenesis differ? Gluconeogenesis is the opposite of glycolysis. It creates new (neogenesis) glucose (gluco-) for the body. If you've memorized the glycolysis pathway you just do the pathway in reverse and only need to change a few enzymes.
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In glycolysis phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) becomes pyruvate with the help of pyruvate kinase. In gluconeogenesis pyruvate first turns into oxaloacetate before becoming PEP.
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In glycolysis fructose-6-phosphate becomes fructose-1,6-bisphosphate with the help of PFK-1. In gluconeogenesis, fructose-1,6- bisphosphate becomes frustose-6-phosphate with the help of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. This is also the rate limiting enzyme.
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In glycolysis glucose becomes glucose-6-phosphate with hexokinase (or glucokinase in the liver). In gluconeogenesis, glucose-6-phosphate becomes glucose with enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase.
Review Videos:
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Gluconeogenesis- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike explain gluconeogenesis in a low-tech but very easy to understand way along with how it correlates to clinical symptoms and physiologic needs.
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Gluconeogenesis by NinjaNerd - NinjaNerd is the best channel for really understanding biochemical pathways and where they go wrong instead of just memorizing words.
Other Resources:
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Comparison Image of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis - This is the most clear image on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis compared.
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Gluconeogenesis by MedBullets- MedBullets offers outlines for the important highlights of any topic. This outline includes important steps, enzymes, dysfunctions, and regulation processes you should know related to gluconeogenesis. It's a great way to make sure you've learned everything you need to and organize your studying.
Mnemonics:
Intermediate Mnemonic
Princesses often prefer polite people because girls don't fall for grabby guys.
Princesses - Pyruvate
Often - Oxaloacetate
Prefer - Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
Polite - 2-Phosphoglycerate
People - 3-Phosphoglycerate
Because - 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
Girls - Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)
Don't - Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)
Fall - Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
For - Fructose-6-phosphate
Grabby - Glucose-6-phosphate
Guys - Glucose
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Enzyme Mnemonic
Polite people equally prefer princess girls to always frowning, petty grumps.
Polite - Pyruvate carboxylase
People - PEP carboxykinase
Equally - Enolase
Prefer - Phosphoglycerate mutase
Princess - Phosphoglycerate kinase
Girls - G3P dehydrogenase
To -Triose phosphate isomerase
Always - Aldolase
Frowning - Fructose-1,6-bisphosphotase
Petty - Phosphoglucoisomerase
Grumps - Glucose-6-phosphatase
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